Feel like your steering wheel is fighting back?
That could be your power steering fluid telling you it’s time for a change.
This hydraulic fluid keeps your steering smooth and responsive, but it can get dirty or run low over time. This can lead to stiff turns, strange noises, and even damage your steering system.
In this guide, we’ll walk you through how to change power steering fluid, when a flush is necessary, and what both services cost.
This Article Contains:
- How to Change Power Steering Fluid: 5 Key Steps
- How to Flush Power Steering Fluid: 8 Critical Steps
- When Should You Change the Power Steering Fluid?
- How Much Does It Cost to Change Power Steering Fluid?
- 3 FAQs Related to Changing Power Steering Fluid
How to Change Power Steering Fluid: 5 Key Steps
Before you change your power steering fluid, you need to make sure it actually needs replacing.
Here’s how:
- Locate the power steering reservoir: Find the semi-transparent container under the hood with “MIN” and “MAX” lines. The container’s cap will usually show a steering wheel icon.
- Check the dipstick (if equipped): Wipe, reinsert, and check the power steering fluid level using “Hot” or “Cold” markings as a guide. If the fluid is below the “MIN” mark or doesn’t touch the dipstick, it’s too low and needs topping up.
- Examine fluid condition: The remaining fluid should be reddish and clear — not dark, gritty, or burnt.
- Top it off (if the fluid level is low): Add the recommended fluid (check the owner’s manual) if it’s low but still clean.
But if your steering feels heavy or the fluid looks dark and dirty, it’s likely time for a replacement.
While checking this hydraulic fluid is simple, replacing it correctly requires the right tools and skill. A mechanic can safely flush the old fluid, use the correct type, and ensure the system is free of air pockets or leaks.
Here’s how they do it:
Step 1: Inspect the Power Steering System
The mechanic will check for leaks, worn hoses, or signs of fluid contamination to determine if a simple fluid change is sufficient or if a full power steering flush is needed.
Step 2: Extract Old Fluid from the Power Steering Reservoir
Using a siphon or fluid pump, they’ll remove as much remaining fluid as possible from the power steering reservoir to make room for fresh fluid.
Step 3: Refill with the Recommended Fluid
They’ll pour in new, manufacturer-approved power steering fluid, filling the reservoir to the correct level.
Step 4: Cycle the Steering Wheel
With the engine running, the mechanic will turn the steering wheel lock-to-lock several times. This circulates the new fluid through the system and releases minor air bubbles.
Step 5: Recheck and Top Off
Finally, they’ll recheck the fluid level, top it off if needed, and turn the wheel again to ensure smooth steering with no air or noise.
Keep in mind: A basic power steering fluid change only clears the reservoir — not the old, dirty fluid stuck in the lines, pump, and steering rack. If the fluid is dirty or issues persist, a full power steering flush will be the better solution.
Let’s find out how it’s done.
How to Flush Power Steering Fluid: 8 Critical Steps
Since flushing power steering fluid is even more complex than a fluid change, it’s best handled by a certified mechanic.
Here’s how it’s done:
Step 1: Inspect the Power Steering System
The mechanic will check for issues like power steering pump leaks or worn power steering hoses before starting the flush.
Step 2: Remove Fluid from the Reservoir
Using a siphon pump, they’ll remove as much old fluid as possible from the power steering fluid reservoir to make space for fresh fluid.
Step 3: Disconnect the Return Hose
They’ll loosen the hose clamp and direct the return hose (which carries used fluid back to the reservoir) into a drain pan to flush out the old fluid.
Step 4: Start the Engine and Flush the System
With the engine running, the mechanic will slowly pour fresh fluid while turning the steering wheel lock-to-lock to push old fluid through the system. They’ll monitor the reservoir to keep it from running dry and ensure clean fluid flows steadily from the return hose — a sign the flush is working correctly.
NOTE: A qualified mechanic will never run the engine for more than a few seconds without power steering fluid in the system.
Step 5: Reconnect the Return Hose
Once the flush is complete, the mechanic will shut off the engine, reconnect the return hose, and secure it with a hose clamp to prevent leaks.
Step 6: Refill the System with Fresh Fluid
They’ll refill the reservoir with manufacturer-approved power steering fluid to the correct level.
Step 7: Bleed Air from the System
To release trapped air, the mechanic will raise the front wheels and turn the steering wheel lock-to-lock with the engine running. This helps the fluid circulate and air escape through the reservoir, which is typically left open or loosely capped during the process.
For modern vehicles with electric or variable-assist steering, the mechanic may use a vacuum bleeder tool or follow OEM-specific bleeding procedures to remove trapped air.
They’ll then check the power steering fluid level and top it off if needed.
Step 8: Final Check and Test Drive
The mechanic will check for leaks and take a short test drive to confirm smooth, responsive steering.
Now that you know how a mechanic changes and flushes power steering fluid, let’s look at when it needs to be done.
When Should You Change the Power Steering Fluid?
Most vehicles need a change every 40,000 to 80,000 miles or every two years.
You can get the power steering fluid inspected during routine car maintenance, along with services like tire rotations, motor oil changes, and brake fluid checks.
But it’s best to change it sooner if you notice any of these signs:
- The wheel becomes harder to turn, especially at low speeds or when parking.
- You hear high-pitched sounds while turning, like whining or screeching noises, often due to low or aerated fluid (fluid mixed with air bubbles).
- The steering may feel jumpy or inconsistent as you turn the wheel.
- Reddish or brown puddles under the car may indicate a power steering leak.
- Dark, gritty, or burnt-smelling fluid indicates it needs replacement ASAP.
Now, you may be wondering:
How Much Does It Cost to Change Power Steering Fluid?
A power steering fluid replacement typically costs between $60 and $125, while a full flush can range from $170 to $205.
The exact cost depends on your vehicle’s make and model, the type and brand of fluid used, as well as how accessible the system is. In some cases, contaminated fluid can damage major parts like the steering pump or gear, leading to additional repairs that may cost around $500 to over $1,000.
If you want to find out exactly how much it’ll cost, get an estimate for free here.
Still have questions about power steering fluid?
We’ve got you covered.
3 FAQs Related to Changing Power Steering Fluid
Here are the answers to some common questions about changing, flushing, and maintaining your power steering fluid:
1. Can You Drive with Dirty or Low Power Steering Fluid?
You can, but it’s not recommended. Dirty or low power steering fluid can cause stiff steering, whining noises, and long-term damage to the pump or steering rack. Topping off may help briefly, but having a mechanic inspect and flush the system is safer.
2. What Type of Power Steering Fluid Do You Need?
The right power steering fluid varies by vehicle.
Some use automatic transmission fluid (ATF), others require synthetic or manufacturer-specific types. Check your manual or fluid reservoir cap to be sure.
Using the wrong fluid can affect engine performance or cause damage, so it’s best to follow the manufacturer’s guidelines or ask a mechanic.
3. Can You Mix Old Power Steering Fluid with New Power Steering Fluid?
It’s best not to. Mixing fluids can reduce engine performance, especially if they’re different types (like synthetic vs. conventional).
If the old fluid is dirty or degraded, it can contaminate the new fluid. Always flush the system before adding clean fluid unless you’re topping off with the same type.
Steer Your Repair in the Right Direction with AutoNation Mobile Service
Changing your power steering fluid doesn’t have to be a hassle.
With AutoNation Mobile Service, expert mechanics come to you — ready to flush old fluid, top it off, fix leaks, and keep your steering smooth. We also handle worn brake pads, brake fluid top-ups, air conditioning recharges, and more — all backed by a 12-month/12,000-mile warranty.
Book your power steering service today and get back on the road with confidence.