When the rack and pinion wear out or fail, your steering can feel stiff, loose, or unresponsive. If you notice these signs, you must immediately replace them to avoid bigger problems and costly repairs.
Want to know how much a power steering rack and pinion replacement costs?
We’ll break down the average cost and the factors influencing the total price. We’ll also tell you why it’s wise to address wear and tear before it spirals into more significant issues.
This Article Contains:
- How Much Does a Rack and Pinion Replacement Cost?
- Is it Worth Replacing the Rack and Pinion?
- 9 Critical Signs You Need a Rack and Pinion Replacement
- How Long Does a New Rack and Pinion Assembly Last?
- How Does a Mechanic Diagnose and Replace a Steering Rack?
- 3 FAQs about Power Steering Rack and Pinion Replacement
How Much Does a Rack and Pinion Replacement Cost?
Here’s what you can expect to shell out for replacing your rack and pinion unit:
A. Range
The average power steering rack replacement cost falls between $710 and $2,420, which includes:
- Parts cost: $560 to $1,720
- Labor cost: $150 to $700
B. Factors Affecting Cost
The average cost for a pinion and steering rack replacement can differ based on your vehicle and specific needs:
- Vehicle make and model: Each vehicle make and model has a specific power steering system. For example, luxury or performance vehicles often have more complex systems that can add around $1,500 to your repair bill for the part alone.
- Rack type: Manual, hydraulic power, and electric power steering racks each have different replacement costs.
- Original equipment manufacturer (OEM) vs. aftermarket vs. remanufactured parts: OEM auto parts are usually pricier thanks to their superior quality and durability. Meanwhile, aftermarket and remanufactured options, like a rebuilt rack, can be more budget-friendly but may not offer the same level of reliability. So, check product reviews to find the best fit.
- Complexity of the job: Modern vehicles with advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) need specialized tools like rack-and-pinion alignment tools. These factors can complicate the steering rack replacement process and increase the labor cost.
- Geographic location: Your location affects the total cost because labor rates and parts availability vary by city and state.
- Type of auto repair shop: The choice of repair shop can impact the final power steering rack replacement cost. Dealerships often charge more than independent shops, while specialized mechanics may offer lower labor rates.
- Additional auto parts needed: It’s not uncommon for other components, such as tie rods, bushings, or hoses, to also need replacement. For instance, a new tie rod can cost between $200 and $215, increasing the total cost.
- Alignment requirement: After replacing the power steering rack and pinion, you must get a wheel alignment. Depending on whether you get a two-wheel or four-wheel alignment, this can add approximately $50 to $200 to the overall cost.
- Fluid replacement: Mechanics usually replace the power steering fluid during a rack-and-pinion replacement. The fluid price depends on your car — conventional fluid costs $5 to $15 per quart, synthetic fluid costs $12 to $25, and specialty OEM fluids cost $20 to $50 per quart.
Is it Worth Replacing the Rack and Pinion?
Yes. All car owners should replace faulty racks and pinions, as they directly impact the ability to control the vehicle safely.
Can you continue driving with a bad power steering rack and pinion?
While you can technically drive with a damaged rack-and-pinion steering gear, you’ll likely face serious steering challenges, like trouble turning smoothly.
What’s worse?
Continuing to drive with a faulty rack and pinion can further wear out other power steering system components, like the power steering pump and steering column. This leads to higher repair costs down the line.
9 Critical Signs You Need a Rack and Pinion Replacement
Here are nine symptoms of a bad steering rack:
- Tight steering: You might feel like steering takes more effort, especially at low speeds or sharp turns.
- Loose or unresponsive steering: If the steering wheel feels wobbly or doesn’t respond as quickly to your movements, this may indicate a lack of control in the steering system.
- Noises while turning: Hearing grinding, clicking, or whining noises when you turn the wheel could signal that parts within the steering system are worn or damaged.
- Steering wheel vibration: If you’re feeling vibrations or a droning sensation in the steering wheel, it might be a sign of a bad steering rack.
- Uneven tire wear: When tires wear unevenly, it signals a misalignment, often due to rack-and-pinion steering system issues.
- Leaking power steering fluid: If you spot pinkish or reddish puddles under your vehicle, it means the rack and pinion unit seals have been damaged. This can lead to decreased steering assistance.
- Vehicle wandering: If your car pulls in one direction and you’re constantly adjusting to keep it straight, the rack and pinion steering gear may need attention.
- Wobbly wheels: Worn bushings or a damaged rack can affect the tie rods, causing the tires to wobble. This will result in an unsteady ride and uneven tread wear.
- Damaged or torn steering rack boot: If the rubber boot on your steering rack is damaged or torn, dirt and moisture can sneak into the rack housing. This can cause early breakdown of your steering components.
How Long Does a New Rack and Pinion Assembly Last?
A new rack and pinion steering system typically lasts around 100,000 miles or 5 to 10 years.
How Does a Mechanic Diagnose and Replace a Steering Rack?
Diagnosing and replacing a failing rack and pinion is a complex task that requires specialized knowledge and tools. So, car owners should leave the job to a professional mechanic.
The mechanic starts the diagnosis process by checking the power steering lines, hoses, pumps, and connections for leaks. They examine the tension of the power steering belt and listen for any unusual noises from the power steering pump. They also check the steering rack for looseness by moving the wheels side to side. For vehicles with electric power steering (EPS), they use a scan tool to check for related error codes.
After identifying the problem, they begin the steering rack replacement by following these steps:
- Park on level ground, apply the handbrake, and place wheel chocks. Center the steering wheel and lock it in place.
- Loosen the lug nuts on the front wheels and raise the vehicle with a jack. Secure the car with jack stands and remove the wheels.
- Loosen the castle nuts and locknuts, detach the outer tie rod ends from the steering knuckles, and disconnect the inner tie rods where they meet the outer tie rods. If extra clearance is required, disconnect the ball joints from the steering knuckles before removing the rack and pinion.
- Place a drain bucket underneath, then carefully loosen the nuts and disconnect the power steering lines and hoses from the steering rack. Drain the power steering fluid from the system to prevent spills.
- Loosen the pinch bolt and detach the steering shaft from the rack. Remove any hoses connected to the steering rack and any electrical connectors in the way.
- Unbolt the rack and pinion from the vehicle. This often involves removing mounting bolts and may require disassembling other components, such as the drive shaft and steering linkage, for easier access.
- Before installing the new steering rack and pinion assembly, remove the old mounting brackets or collars unless your new assembly comes with clamps. Remove the dust caps from the power steering ports on the new assembly.
- Center the new rack and pinion by turning the input shaft fully to one side, then the other, counting the turns. Turn it back halfway to align the assembly with the steering wheel center.
- Carefully slide the new rack and pinion into place, avoiding pulling or pushing on the tie rods to keep it centered.
- Attach the steering shaft to the rack and pinion and tighten the pinch bolt.
- Secure the rack and pinion assembly to the frame with the mounting bolts.
- Reconnect all hoses and electrical connectors. Hand-tighten the power steering line bolts, then tighten securely with a wrench, taking care not to bend or damage the hoses.
- Reinstall any suspension components that were removed, including sway bars and coil springs.
- Attach the outer tie rod ends to the new inner tie rods and connect them to the steering knuckles. Tighten the castle nuts.
- Mount the wheels back onto the hubs and hand-tighten the lug nuts.
- Fill the system with fresh power steering fluid.
- Turn the steering wheel lock-to-lock several times with the car on jack stands.
- Start the engine and repeat to bleed air from the system.
- Lower the vehicle, torque the lug nuts to the manufacturer’s specifications, and adjust the tie rods for proper wheel alignment.
- Turn the wheel fully in both directions to check for smoothness and responsiveness. A short road test will help confirm alignment and ensure no leaks or issues persist.
- After completing the steering repair, the mechanic may inspect components such as the throttle body, air filters (including the cabin air filter), braking system, brake pads, tail lamps, and floor mats to ensure the vehicle operates safely and efficiently.
3 FAQs about Power Steering Rack and Pinion Replacement
Here are the answers to some common questions about the power steering rack and pinion:
1. What is a Rack and Pinion Steering System, and How Does it Work?
The rack and pinion steering system is the most common type of steering in vehicles today. It’s a simple, effective setup that helps turn your car’s wheels when you turn the steering wheel.
Here’s a quick look at each part and how they work:
- The rack is a straight, toothed metal bar that runs horizontally, parallel to the front axle.
- The pinion is a small, round gear connected to the steering column and steering wheel.
When you turn the steering wheel, the pinion gear rotates and engages the teeth on the rack, moving it left or right. The system transfers this movement to the tie rods and steering knuckles, which adjust the angle of the wheels to steer the car.
Most modern cars have power-assisted rack and pinion systems, using a hydraulic pump or electric motor to make steering smoother and easier for the driver.
2. What Causes Power Steering Rack and Pinion Failure?
Common causes include:
- Frequent hard driving: Aggressive driving, like speeding or abrupt braking, strains the steering rack, causing faster wear.
- Contaminated power steering fluid: Debris in the fluid can damage seals in the rack, leading to leaks.
- Rough road conditions: Driving over potholes and uneven surfaces can physically damage the rack and pinion gear.
3. How Can You Maintain the Steering System?
Here’s how to maximize the lifespan of your steering system:
- Perform regular maintenance: Stick to a regular maintenance schedule to keep your steering system in top shape. Check the rack and related parts, replace the power steering fluid as recommended, and inspect the system for wear or leaks. Clean, fresh fluid helps protect the rack by reducing friction and preventing buildup that leads to damage.
- Avoid driving on damaged roads: Driving on rough or potholed roads puts extra strain on the steering system. If you can’t avoid bad roads, slow down to reduce impact. Also, keep your tires properly inflated to absorb shocks and protect the rack and pinion from unnecessary stress.
- Check for power steering leaks: Leaks commonly cause rack damage. Look for signs like a sudden drop in fluid levels or stains under your car. If you spot a leak, get it fixed right away to prevent low fluid from causing excess wear and expensive repairs.
- Use the correct power steering fluid: Always use high-quality fluid that meets your vehicle’s specifications. This ensures proper lubrication and reduces wear. Cheaper or non-recommended fluids might save money upfront, but can cause long-term damage to your rack and pinion system.
Let AutoNation Mobile Service Simplify Your Rack and Pinion Replacement
A malfunctioning rack and pinion can lead to significant steering issues. Addressing them promptly can help you avoid more extensive repairs.
At AutoNation Mobile Service, we offer the convenience of top-quality mechanics who come right to your driveway.
Whether you need a steering rack replacement, new brake pads, or any other brake repair, our skilled mechanics are available seven days a week. Our auto repair service also ensures you’re covered with a 12-month | 12,000-mile warranty.
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